The high ecological risk attributed to the HMs was detected at deep offshore areas. The Neva River Estuary and Luga Bay might potentially suffer from severe cadmium contamination. High contamination by PAHs found near the ports, most likely originate from incomplete fuel incineration processes. The tributyltin content exceeded the established quality criteria up to more than 300 times. We suggest that the input of organotins still occurs along the ship traffic routes. A trilateral effort to sample and analyse heavy metals (HMs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and organotins from bottom sediments in 2019-2020 were conducted along with harvesting historical data in Russian, Estonian and Finnish waters.
All rights reserved.Ĭontamination by hazardous substances is one of the main environmental problems in the eastern Gulf of Finland, Baltic Sea. This association between retinal histopathology and reduced swimming and foraging behavior can reduce recruitment to the adult population. At the highest exposure level (818 ng Sn L‐1) fish also presented reductions in swimming speed, swimming resistance, daily capture of Artemia nauplii and growth in weight of 85%, 60%, 33% and 56% relative to controls, respectively. A dose dependent increase in photoreceptor layer disorganization and iris melanin hyperpigmentation was verified, and high frequencies of RPE invaginations and iris epithelial cell atrophy were observed even at the lowest exposure concentration of 15.8 ng Sn L‐1. Histopathological analysis of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) indicated alterations in pigment positioning at all TBT concentrations. After exposure, swimming, feeding, growth and eye histological endpoints were evaluated. Six‐day‐old Poecilia vivipara were exposed for 7 days to control water and waterborne TBT at 15.8, 83.8, 716 and 818 ng Sn L‐1.
The tropical estuarine guppy Poecilia vivipara was used to address fish early life stage toxicity caused by the antifouling contaminant tributyltin (TBT). Has ongoing ecotoxicological relevance globally. The recent spread into developing countries indicates that organotin contamination Regulations, ecotoxicologically relevant contamination of marine ecosystems is persisting, particularly Alarge variety of organisms, in particularĮarly life stages, are susceptible to low TBT concentrations of afew 100ng L−1.īioaccumulation leads to significant residues in aquatic biota including marine mammals. Recently,Īlso androgenic activity of TBT in fish was reported. Present TBT levels in harbors and adjacent areas are still in the range of effect levels. (imposex) at ng L−1 levels leading to population declines. Sediment is very slow under anaerobic conditions and remobilization occurs via mixing and dredging.Įcotoxicological effects occur globally in marine gastropods, which are affected by masculinization Paints in small vessels and remains widespread in sediments and marine biota. Contamination decreased only slowly several years after regulation of antifouling In the last decade, organotin pollution has spread (TBT) in antifouling paints on large vessels. Of harbors and areas with high shipping activities occurs globally due to the ongoing use of tributyltin Organotins belong to the most toxic pollutants for aquatic life known so far.